Process and product for use in unliming hides and the like.



UNIT; ED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

necessary Perms-J. I

- Empire of fiermany rhave invented a-new and Improved;Proces'sandProduct for Use in theUnliming of Hides and the Like; and Ido hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescription of the invention, such 'aswill enable others skilled in theart tolwhich use. the same; v g j v My,inventionrelatesitola new procemand material suitable'; for in the hating process.

Efforts-have beenmade-for many years replace therexcremental-;materialsused in the batingprocess by substances sufiiciently uniform;.;ineomposition to afford a guarantee of an JdGIllDICBl'BBfilOIl muse.. Theuse of organlc 'or-morganlcaaclds to form soluble lime salts-isnotsuflicient forthe reason that in the 'treatmentfofacertain leathersit isabsolutelyhecessary, in order to obtain a matic and; intercellularsubstances of the derma shall be, dissolved. Further the calcic' soapsformed bythe action of the lime lye on the greasy substances of the hideor skinmust beremoved and the unconverted grease lying. between thefibroustissue of the derma and in thebulb dissolvedv That these resultsare obtained by the usemof an, excremental n'nacerating compound is. inthe applicants opinion due to-the presence of certain ferments:contained: therein and originating from-the intestinal digestivejuices, or which are formed'thereuby" the" vital functions of certainmicrobes:

",On'cthe basis. of careful analyses. of excrements, the applicantihaspassed inreview all the substances which might be of use for unliming,and he-has madeexperiments with each :of these substances .alone. 46..

7 Among others he has worked: with the organic and mineral salts*con't-ained in excrement, with cultures of intestinal. bacteria, etc,cultivated in various media and, in. addition with intestinal juices,pancreatic juices and: bile. The contents of the gall bladderyielded-the relatively most satisfactory result. The pancreatic juice(see also Wood J om'nal of the Society "0f Chemical Industry, 1894), as

well as macerations of intestinal mucus did Iiotyield a suff cientlyactive bate. As none Of these substancesialone act-in such a wayappertains to make and.

y I j' essen fan-En or sta ens; eases ianociiss an power For. emmme mesr" i as to yield a leather of good duality from the point of Viewof'tenacity,finenesapolish, suppleness, etc., the applicant has triedusing mixtures, and he has ascertained a fact which is quiteextraordinary, that a product is thus obtained which not onlycombinesall the valuable advantagesof an excremental unliming, but alsowhich exceeds them, without having any of those serious drawbacks,

which render the workwith it disagreeable, unsanitary and dangerous.

' l A, mixture of the three active elements of mtestinal digestionconstitutes an'ideal substitute for any excremental macerating compoundand especially for dogs dung.- It is to be noted that the mixture hascaustic p roperties,'so that it does not requireto be supplemented bythe usual agents for unliming, such as ammonium-salts and acids.

Its action is uniformly superior, regardless of the varying hardness ofthe water used in the process. The action of such mixtures is due to thefollowing facts :-The pancreatic juice furnishes among others\two suppleand tough leather, that certain plas- 1 peptonizing ferment, that is to'say it pos- I sesses the property of decomposing albumiinoid'substances and forming simpler and ieasily soluble compgignds. *steapsinis a 'saponlfying ferment which 'enzyms -or ferments. One-t rypsinis aThe second decomposes neutral grease intoglycerin and fattyacids. I

The ferments of the pancreas are found in the gland and its extracts inthe condition of zymogens, which have no action, and which, in ordervtobe utilized, require the presence of substances to energize or make themactive. A' properly energized pancreatic infusion decomposesthe fattysubstances; but is not a solvent for either these substances or thecalcic soaps whichare interposed between the fibrous tissue of the. hideand adhere one to another, thuspreventing the action of theenzyms inthe-bate and that of the tanning substance during the Y tanning. The bile,how-ever, contains a peptonizing' ferment and dissolves grease andcalcie soaps with the greatest facility, and Ehas-also thefacultyofhenergizing the pan .-creatic juice by easily convertingitszymo- ,gens into enzyms. combination of the "saponifying ferment withthe bile that increases its efli'ect to a It is in particular the pointwhich cannot beattained by any other combination. The utility of" bilefor unliming is further broughtout by the follow- Cerreciion It ishereby certified that in LettersPatent No. Ti,006,539, granted October24 1911, upon the zipplioationhoi Gustav Eherle, of Stuttgart,(irernimiy, for an improvement in Processes and Producis for Use inUnliming Hides and the Like, an error appears in the printedspecification requiring correction as foilows: Page 2, lines -L1, 98,105,1ind 110, for the Word "bethinggf read eating; and

that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction thereinthat the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent()fiice.

Signed and sealed bhis 7th day of November, A. D., 1911.

[ -1 E. B. MOORE,-

Yommssz'oner of Patents.

